The power system is one of the main sources of noise in conventional electric stair climbing wheelchairs, and optimizing it is the key to reducing noise. The optimization of the power system can be started from two aspects: the motor and the controller. Choose a low-noise motor, such as a brushless DC motor instead of a traditional brushed motor. The brushless DC motor reduces the friction between the carbon brush and the commutator through electronic commutation, which can effectively reduce the noise generated during operation. At the same time, optimize the algorithm of the motor controller so that it can more accurately control the motor speed and torque, avoid additional noise caused by unstable operation of the motor, and reduce the noise from the root.
The transmission components will generate a lot of noise due to friction and collision during operation. Improving them can significantly reduce the noise of wheelchair use. Transmission component improvements involve gears, chains, screws and other components. In gear design, helical gears are used instead of spur gears. The meshing process of helical gears is smoother and the overlap is high, which can reduce the impact and vibration during gear meshing, thereby reducing noise. For chain transmission, silent chains are selected and grease is applied regularly to reduce the friction between the chain and the sprocket. In screw transmission, high-precision ball screws are used with a good lubrication system to improve transmission accuracy and reduce friction noise.
Unreasonable structural design can easily cause resonance, thereby amplifying noise, so strengthening structural design is crucial to reducing noise. Structural design optimization needs to consider the overall stiffness of the wheelchair and the connection method of components. Increase the wall thickness and reinforcement ribs of the wheelchair frame to improve the stiffness of the overall structure and reduce the noise caused by vibration. In terms of component connection, rubber shock pads, spring shock absorbers and other shock absorbing elements are used to isolate the vibration transmission between components and avoid the occurrence of resonance. In addition, the reasonable layout of the positions of various components to make the center of gravity more evenly distributed can also help reduce vibration and noise during operation.
Bearings and guide rails are important components to ensure the smooth operation of wheelchairs, and their performance directly affects the noise level. The improvement of bearings and guides can be carried out from two aspects: selecting high-quality components and optimizing the installation process. Choose high-precision, low-noise bearings, such as ceramic bearings. Ceramic bearings have low friction coefficients, high hardness and good wear resistance, which can effectively reduce operating noise; for guides, use linear rolling guides instead of sliding guides. The rolling friction resistance of linear rolling guides is small, the movement is smooth, and the friction noise between the guides and sliders can be reduced. At the same time, during the installation process, ensure the installation accuracy of bearings and guides to avoid noise problems caused by improper installation.
The wheelchair shell not only protects the internal components, but also absorbs and blocks noise to a certain extent. The shell design optimization can use sound insulation materials and reasonable structural design. Select materials with good sound insulation performance, such as polyurethane foam, sound-absorbing cotton, etc., fill them inside the shell to absorb noise energy; in the shell structure, a double-layer structure is adopted to form an air layer in the middle, which can play a good sound insulation effect; in addition, the joints of the shell are sealed to prevent noise leakage and further reduce noise transmission.
Regular maintenance of the conventional electric stair climbing wheelchair can timely discover and solve potential noise problems and prevent noise. Maintenance measures include cleaning, lubrication, inspection and replacement of parts. Clean the various parts of the wheelchair regularly to remove dust and debris to avoid noise caused by increased friction due to impurities entering the parts; apply grease to the transmission parts, bearings, etc. regularly to maintain good lubrication; check whether the connection of each part is loose, and tighten the loose screws in time; replace the parts with severe wear in time to prevent noise from increasing due to wear of the parts.
With the development of science and technology, intelligent noise reduction technology provides a new way to reduce the noise of conventional electric stair climbing wheelchair. The application of intelligent noise reduction technology can be achieved through sensors and algorithms. Noise sensors are installed at key parts of the wheelchair to monitor the size and frequency of noise in real time; intelligent algorithms are used to analyze the monitored data to determine the source and cause of noise, and then automatically adjust the operating parameters of related parts, such as motor speed, transmission ratio, etc., to achieve precise noise reduction. In addition, active noise reduction technology can be combined to generate sound waves with opposite phases to the noise to offset each other and achieve the purpose of reducing noise.
